Believed people were born with a Blank Slate- Tabula Rasa and were influenced by Life Experiences
Source: http://www.history.com/topics/john-locke
Source: http://leonardooh.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/locke.jpg
Sunday, December 15, 2013
John Locke
Trained in medicine, he was a key advocate of the empirical approaches of the Scientific Revolution.
Believed people were born with a Blank Slate- Tabula Rasa and were influenced by Life Experiences
Source: http://www.history.com/topics/john-locke
Source: http://leonardooh.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/locke.jpg
Believed people were born with a Blank Slate- Tabula Rasa and were influenced by Life Experiences
Source: http://www.history.com/topics/john-locke
Source: http://leonardooh.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/locke.jpg
Rene Descartes - The First Modern Philosopher
Source: http://www.geni.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Rene_descartes.jpg
William Harvey - Human Circulation System
(Harvey's demonstration on how to apply a tourniquet to a bleeding arm)
-William Harvey, an Englishman, accurately described the circulation of the blood in the human body, confirming findings from earlier scholars such as Ibn Nafis
- He also proved that the blood was pumped by the heart
- His findings of how to proper stop blood flow to an arm, shown above, sparked others interest with the human circulatory system.
-This, with the help of a microscope, led to the discovery blood cells by a Dutch biologist Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
Source:
Invention of the Microscope - Galileo
(Galileo's Microscope)
- No one is 100% positive on who made the 1st microscope
- Many people get credit for the invention, one person who is credited is Galileo Galilei
- Galileo created a compound microscope in 1625, he called it the "occhiolino" or "little eye"
Significance of the Scientific Revolution
The Significance of the scientific revolution established a new way of thinking about the physical world. During this period of time, the scientists began to examine the natural world and realized it did not match the ancient beliefs. Religion, superstition and fear were replaced with reason and knowledge. The scientific Revolution was significant in establishing a base for modern science, which led to many great advances in astronomy, physics, biology, chemistry mathematics as well as art and architecture.
1. One significant contribution from the scientific revolution was the development of science as a discipline independents from philosophy. (Kent,2006) The medieval scientific philosophy was abandoned by the work of emphasis on incorporation of established laws from math, astronomy, chemistry, biology, and physics all came together through his mechanics. Kepler made a contribution in astronomy and created the laws of planetary motion, with the sun being the center of the universe. Together Kepler and Galileo led to Newton's laws of motion.
2. The scientific revolution also made a significant contribution in the area of scientific experiments. Frances Bacon focused on the use of controlled experiments and inductive reasoning. Rene Descartes created the scientific method, based on a hypothesis, logic, and reason. By the posing Theories, he developed procedures to test the ideas. The scientific method used observation and experimentation to explain theories, which allowed scientists to logically find answers through the use of reason. Each method strengthened the validity of the next.
3. The significance of the scientific revolution was not only seen in science, math, and astronomy, but also in arts and architecture. The great advances in astronomy, physics, biology, and chemistry led to great developments in art and architecture. Artists learned anatomy in order to paint the body. They also began to experiment with paints and shading, and the use of light. The artists also used math to create the perfect balance. In the area of architecture, math and physics, were both crucial to great architecture. Math and physics are still both used in engineering.
The scientific Revolution changed how man thought. During this time men were free to experiment and look for reasons, instead of talking the word from the church. It was a revolution of human knowledge, where scientists, philosophers, mathematicians, and astronomers were free to collaborate all their knowledge, which led to major advances in all the fields.
Kent, J. (2006, January 10). The impact of the Scientific Revolution: A brief history of the experimental method in the 17th Century. Retrieved from the Connexions Website : http://cnx.org/content/m13245/
The medieval Synthesis and the Secularization of Human Knowledge: The scientific Revolution. Retrieved from historyguide.org
Heliocentric Theory VS Geocentric Theory
Source: http://hendrianusthe.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/heliogeotheor.jpg
Saturday, December 14, 2013
Galileo Galilei
-Italian physicist and Astronomer-Galileo used and refined a telescope which was invented by the Dutch
-In 1610, Galileo was able to see the surface of the moon, the moons of Jupiter, the different phases of Venus, and the irregular shape of Saturn at 30x magnification
-Galileo defended the ideas of Copernicus, however his ideas were still problematic as a whole for the Catholic Church. Galileo specifically pointed out parts of the bible that were inaccurate
-The leading churchmen however did praise his theory because it allowed accurate calculations in order to celebrate holy days
-By 1616, the Church completely objected the Copernican system by a ruling made by the Congregation of the Holy Office
-Galileo made discoveries regarding the pendulum as well as gravity, however they were simply observations not supported by mathematics or physics
Galileo's Discoveries
Campbell, Kenneth L. Western Civilization: A Global and Comparative Approach. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2012. Print.
Nicolaus Copernicus
-Polish Astronomer-He attended the University of Cracow in order to pursue a career in the Catholic Church
-Copernicus became interested in astronomy when there was a debate on calendar reform
-Copernicus challenged the existing views about science, specifically the idea of a geocentric universe
-Copernicus' theory was that the moon revolved around Earth which revolved aroun
d the sun along with other planets (Heliocentric)
-He also determined that Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours
-Copernicus waited until his death (1543) to release his book due to his controversial viewpoints, On the Revolution of the Heavenly Bodies
-The Catholic Church accepted his idea a theory rather than fact at that time
Nicolaus Copernicus and the Heliocentric Model
Campbell, Kenneth L. Western Civilization: A Global and Comparative Approach. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2012. Print.
New Ideas
Nicolaus Copernicus
-Considered the Initiator of the Scientific Revolution.
-Mathematician and Astronomer.
-Hypothesized that sun was stationary and the center of the
universe… the earth and other planets revolving around it.
-He achieved proving his hypothesis by a heliocentric model.
-At the time the heliocentric idea was controversial to
other scientists because it disagreed with the bible.
Galileo
-Mathematics professor, very interested in physics.
-Developed modern astronomy.
-Helped confirm Copernicus’s theory, by building a telescope.
-Wrote a book called Dialogue
Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, and was placed under house until he
died.
Isaac Newton
-Mathematician and Physicist.
-Established three Universal Laws of Motion. (1666)
“1. An
object will remain in a state of inertia unless acted upon by force.
2. The relationship between
acceleration and applied force is F=ma
3. For every action there is an
equal and opposite reaction.”(Live Science)
-“...Invented reflecting lenses for telescopes”.
- Helped develop calculus to better explain ideas.
Daniel Gabriel
Fahrenheit
-Physicist, engineer, and glass blower.
-Invented thermometers.
-Came up with measurement system (Fahrenheit).
William Harvey
-Physician.
-First one to understand the heart and blood circulation
correctly.
Thursday, December 12, 2013
Wednesday, December 11, 2013
Introduction to the Scientific Revolution
This Period is a time of many historical changes in thoughts and beliefs that occurred in Europe between around 1550-1700.
The Period Begins with the Ideas of Nicholas Copernicus and ends with the contributions made by Isaac Newton
Topics Considered Began with Cosmology and Astronomy and then shifted to Physics towards the end of the Revolution.
Many of the New Ideas were contrary to traditions and what the world knew to be true, thus this period received the title "Scientific Revolution."
Source: http://web.clas.ufl.edu/users/ufhatch/pages/03-Sci-Rev/SCI-REV-Teaching/03sr-definition-concept.htm
The Period Begins with the Ideas of Nicholas Copernicus and ends with the contributions made by Isaac Newton
Topics Considered Began with Cosmology and Astronomy and then shifted to Physics towards the end of the Revolution.
Many of the New Ideas were contrary to traditions and what the world knew to be true, thus this period received the title "Scientific Revolution."
Source: http://web.clas.ufl.edu/users/ufhatch/pages/03-Sci-Rev/SCI-REV-Teaching/03sr-definition-concept.htm
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